NEEDLE TYPES
Three different types of needles are used in knitting machines.
a.) Hook-tipped needle (tongue needle)
b.) Flexible needle (or eyed needle)
c.)Slide needle (or compound needle)
Depending on the needle types, knitting movements and machine designs are also different. Three different types of needles are shown below with the names of the various parts or parts of the needles. The two most important parts of a knitting needle are the hooked end and the tail parts. The hooked end provides loop formation and loop pulling. The tail part is controlled by the movement elements during the vertical movement of the needle. It is the part that is pushed. The part of the needle between the head and the tail is called the body.
The two-pointed needle shown below is a special type of needle that provides loop transfer alone.
NEEDLE
Today, the most preferred needle is the latch needle. Today, millions of latch needles are produced to be used in new machines and to replace the broken ones. The needle, which is called the heart of the knitting machine, is made of two parts. It is the body and the tongue brought together by the needle manufacturer. The needle body made of high quality steel has its functions. divided into various parts according to the following, the parts of the needle as follows
a-) Hook, b-) Tongue connection, c-) Connection bearings, d-) Tongue axis, e-) Body of the needle, f-) Foot of the needle, g-) Tail
The parts of the language are h-) Language axis, i-) Language Belt Seen.
NEEDLE BEARING
The number of needles used in the knitting machine is quite high. They are arranged on a flat plate made of steel. Grooves have been opened on the needle bed in order for the needles to slip and form a loop. Below is the needle bed with the needles placed.
In fact, every knitting machine has two needle beds. They stand at an angle of about 100 degrees. The grooves of one plate are between those of the other plate so that the needles on both sides do not bump into each other as they descend to knit.
FINENESS
The fineness is determined by the number of needles in 1 inch (2,54 cm) in the needle bed in flat knitting machines. This fineness is determined when the needle bed is threaded. The fineness of the needle bed is calculated together with the depth of the grooves and the distance between the grooves. The thickness of the fabrics is the most important factor.
PLATINUM
In all modern knitting machines, the loop function is mixed with additional knitting elements. These are called platinum. These sinkers are arranged together with the needles in the needle bed grooves. The sinkers, whose forms vary according to the manufacturing companies, are used to select the necessary needles in patterning. ) and selective platinum (used directly in the selective unit).
BASIC MACHINE PARTS THAT FORM THE STITCH SADDLE
In general, the needle bed is fixed during knitting. The exception is limited sliding of one plate relative to the other to allow for some patterns.
In order to move the needles in the grooves, a saddle with steels on it travels on the beds, forcing the needle feet to follow the curved channels of the steels. In this way, the needles rise and fall, forming a new loop.
The saddle is fixed to the pallets. With the motion taken from the stepper motors, the pallets carry the saddle along the plate. The stepper motors provide the return of the saddle from the desired point (without the need to complete its tour). It is the machine element that contains the shuttle pumps, the steel plate (table), the adjustment motors, the needle stop, the brushes, the spring suppressors and carries the shuttles throughout the knitting area during operation.
Electronic knitwear machines are divided into two as single and double saddle machines. Saddles can work separately as well as work together. Saddles can be operated separately in order to knit two separate pieces at the same time in order to produce more on long machines.
The operation of the saddles separately from each other is called “tandem”. Saddles are combined with an iron piece called belt in order to knit flat wide width pieces. The combined operation of the saddles is called "combined head". Thus, it can work like a single saddle.
double saddle machines
1+1 = 2 systems
2+2 = 4 systems
3+3 = 6 system machines.
SHUTTLE
When the needle descends, it must be fed with a thread that will form a new loop. This work is carried out by the shuttle carried along the needle bed by the saddle. The transportation of the thread from the bobbin with the shuttle is seen below,With a single shuttle row, the needles make new knitting rows. In simple knitting, the yarn forms all the loops during knitting from one end of the fabric to the other.
With a single shuttle row, the needles make new knitting rows. In simple knitting, the yarn forms all the loops during knitting from one end of the fabric to the other.
The task of the thread guides (shuttles) on the knitting machine is to properly deliver the thread from the bobbins to the needles. The last point where the thread leads to the needles is the shuttles. The shuttles are of different shapes on flat and circular knitting machines.
In flat knitting machines, the shuttles are mobile in the knitting area. The saddle is carried with the head. In circular knitting machines, the shuttles are fixed. One shuttle is used for each system.Depending on the nature of the knitting, various types of shuttles can be selected (Normal knitting shuttle, Intersia shuttle, Split shuttle, Vanize shuttle….)
NORMAL KNITTING SHUTTLE
It is for general uses. The shuttles move on the rails on the machine. There are a total of 4 rails and a total of 16 shuttles on these rails (8 right, 8 left; 2 on each rail, 2 left and XNUMX right). Each shuttle carrier is moved by pins in the saddle.
INTERSIA SHUTTLE
It is designed to prevent the loss of time in interstitial braids. In intesia knits made in normal shuttles, 2 row of knits is obtained for 3-1 head passes due to the shuttle transport events called “kick”, while when the intersia shuttle is used, 1 row is formed for each pass, which means 2-3 times the production.
VANIZE SHUTTLE
It offers the possibility of feeding two different yarns from a single shuttle. These threads can be shown on the front and back if desired.
SPLIT SHUTTLE
It prevents the formation of holes in the openwork models. It turns into a knitted fabric with the yarn-glass system passing through the shuttles. For continuous fabric formation, it is necessary to pull the formed weave from below. This is provided by the roller system.
ROLLER
While forming a new loop, the old loop in the mouth should not be freed while the needle is descending. If this is not a very important factor, the needles do not unhook, the old loops cannot jump over the tongue and new loops will not form.
There are various methods that limit the tendency of the loops to get rid of the needles. The simplest and oldest is to hold the fabric in place by pulling it from below. A roller is used for this process. A tension is applied both in order to provide a certain tension during the movement of the needles and to drive the stretched fabric down in the newly formed order.
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