In the creel section, There are warp beam loom, warp thread feeding line, warp thread, tension weights, guide bars, rear reed and lamellas. In order for the narrow woven fabric loom to work efficiently, one of the most important prerequisites is that the arrangement of the warp bobbins in the creel is well organized and easily accessible.
The warp beam loom is the part where the warp beams are arranged (1), the warp threads (3), the tension weights (4), the guide rods (5) and the rear comb. After the beams (spools), on which the warp threads are wound, are lined up on the warp loom, the threads taken from the beams are passed under the rods on which the weights that provide the thread tension are attached, over the guide rods. The warp threads are passed through the back comb, lamellas in a way to center the weaving and according to the weaving weave, and come to the forces attached to the frames. The warp threads, which are passed through the power holes according to the drawing plan and from the front reed according to the reed plan, are fixed to the fabric beam and the weaving process is started. The design of the warp creel is based on the type of warp release and braking system, the weight, size and number of runs of the warp bobbins. Warp creel loom types are more or less independent and very flexible to use.
Above J. Müller AG. The warp creel types and sizes used in the machines are shown. The creels are designed in such a way that the beams can be placed in three rows on top of each other. As seen in Type1, Type2, Type3, considering the size and weight of the beams, heavy beams are placed in the lower rows, and different functions used in weaving are loaded. (backdrop, pattern and edge) The required number of threads is placed on top of each other and side by side.
In the warp thread feeding line, attention should be paid to the tension affecting the warp threads, depending on the type of ground or edge knitting. At the same time, the unit width of the woven fabric greatly affects the number of warp threads required. Another point to be considered is the continuation of the weaving with warp yarns of the same characteristics, in changing beams after the end of the yarn. Care should be taken to use threads from the same batch in thread piecing.
Due to the ease of production, the edge warp beams are placed at the top, and the heavy warp beams are placed at the bottom and to the right as the beams carrying the ground yarns are generally heavier.
Elastic warp beam should be placed at the bottom for easier feeding and comfortable use of the yarn.
As seen above, the elastic warp beam can be used in the 1st or 4th position. The creel distribution is largely determined by the number and size of the warp beam. If there are many warp beams, the creel width is partitioned. The number of rows formed by the beams placed from top to bottom is determined according to the creel height.
Since the warp beams rotate very slowly, a simple friction bearing (bearing) is sufficient. But ball bearings are available for heavy warp beams. As the weaving speed increases, the beams need to be changed more frequently as the yarn unwinding from the warp beam will also increase. To prevent this, large-capacity (Jumbo) beams are used.
Jumbo beam also means heavier beam, a strong flange and solid bearings. The smallest flange diameter for jumbo warp beams is 600 mm. 800 to 1000 mm is the rule as standard.
In feeding a single yarn from a single beam, a single warp beam is placed in each row of each section of the creel. For less sensitive yarns, fixed warp beam shafts and simple cord brake type are sufficient. For sensitive yarns, it is supported by mounting a rotating bearing (ball bearing) on the warp beam shaft. A brake tape and weight attached to the rotating warp beam shafts warn when the yarn breaks.
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