Fiber is the basic element for the narrow weaving sector as well as in other sectors of textile. The fiber used increases the richness, aesthetics and usability of the fabric by adding features such as folds, pleats, stiffness, harmony, flexibility and texture in the narrow woven fabric. The fiber to be used in narrow woven fabric structures is selected as raw or dyed according to the customer's request, according to cost, workability and usage area. In narrow woven fabric production, large amount of artificial fibers It has been determined that cotton stands out among natural fibers due to its structural properties. Cotton, It is preferred due to its non-allergic properties, sweat absorbency, resistance to washing, soft touch and being paintable. Cotton fiber different types of fiber (such as polypropylene) It can also be used by mixing with Cotton yarn is preferred in narrow weaving areas such as medical (wraps, band-aids), clothing (inner and outerwear), shoes, belts and bags, and home textiles, packages and packaging, taking into account the customer's request.
Yarn made from continuous fibers is the most important raw material source of the narrow woven fabric industry. These yarns are used in the production of narrow woven fabrics; It is used in every field from ornamental and complementary products to technical products in ribbons, labels, clothing and home textiles. It has been determined that polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, polyurethane (elastomeric) and polyacrylonitrile are used in narrow weaving production, respectively, according to the density of continuous fibers.. It is known that other raw materials are preferred for special applications. It has been learned that the numbers used extensively in polyester yarn vary between 20 and 150 denier, and higher numbers, for example, 300 denier yarn is obtained from folded yarn when required, according to the customer's request. Nm10/3, Nm 20/1, Nm 20/2, Nm 40/2, Nm 60/2 and Nm 80/2 are the main numbers used in cotton yarn. It has also been determined that 100% polyester, 100% cotton and polyester-cotton blended sewing thread (Nm120) is widely used. The main numbers used in polypropylene yarn vary between 600 and 1300 denier. 30/40 denier thick and 44/50 denier thin elastomer yarns are used.
When the fiber types in narrow woven production are examined according to their usage areas in the table above, it is seen that polyester and polypropylene fibers with high strength and low price are frequently preferred in all usage areas of narrow woven fabrics. It is understood that the fiat feature is a major factor in the choice, the cost is affected by the fiber and yarn quality as well as the transportation conditions and this limits the options. Polyamide fiber is frequently used in agriculture, industrial, vehicle and protective narrow woven fabric structures for sportive and medical purposes. Cotton is the most preferred fiber in the medical field due to its superior properties. Polyurethane (elastomeric) is frequently used in narrow woven fabrics produced for clothing, home textiles and sports purposes to add features such as folds, shirring and rubber. Metal thread is frequently seen in narrow woven fabrics produced for clothing, packaging and packaging. It is possible to say that it is preferred especially in ribbon and tape production to create shine, sparkle and color effect.
polyester, polypropylene and polyamide fibers;
It is frequently used in narrow bands woven with conductive cables (metal yarn) made to protect farm animals such as fences and fences in agricultural areas.
Polyester and polypropylene fibers are easy to process, high strength, good chemical resistance and low price; in home textile, roller blind tape, bed edge tape and ribbon decoration; in the industrial field, parachute straps, safety belts, tires, fire hoses, aircraft body parts and filtration products; transport belts and conveyor belts in vehicles; For the purpose of decoration, tying or carrying in packaging and packaging, products such as gift packages, patisserie products and shopping bags; safety belts, straps, ropes for workers in protective areas, high places, power lines or mines; Ribbons used in sportswear, rackets, sports bags, shoes, etc. are mostly preferred for the production of narrow woven fabrics.
Polyamide fibers;
In the industrial field, seat belts, piping tapes; It is used in protective areas, chin straps of hats such as helmets, hard hats, parachute straps and climbing straps.
Cotton, polyester and polypropylene fibers
In the field of clothing, belts, collars, sleeves and waist parts of outer garments such as underwear (women, men and children), shirts, cardigans, jackets, trousers, bag handles, shoelaces, jewelry (hairpins, ribbons, hair bands, necklaces) It is frequently used for decoration, finishing, closing (seam cleaning) functions in accessories such as
Polyurethane (elastane) fiber
It is frequently preferred for both functional and visual effects in creating garment details such as elastic, frills and gathers and shaping the collar, arm and waist circumferences of clothes by being produced together with other fibers in narrow woven fabrics. In home textiles, in polyurethane fiber elastic bed linens, in baby and adult bedding sets and covers for decoration or completion as frills, shirring; in sports areas, hair and armbands; In medical fields, it is seen as waist corsets, knee pads and elastic bands.
Advantages of aramid fibers;
High chemical resistance, high long-term temperature resistance, non-flammability properties, high tensile strength, high tenacity, low elongation. It is the production of Dupont company and its trade names Nomex (meta aramid), ve Kevlar (para-aramid) is. Kevlar®, with its trade name, was developed by Stephanie Kwolek and Herbert Blades in 1965. It is a high performance fiber. These fibers have light weight, high strength, high modulus and shear resistance, low electrical conductivity, resistance to high temperature and chemicals, low shrinkage at temperature and high dimensional stability. Because Kevlar® fibers, It is widely used in products such as belts, belts, ribbons in military and aerospace fields.
Twaron was launched by the Teijin company. performance fiber. Composed of paraaramid polymers Twaron® fibers is also used in ballistic protection products due to its high energy absorption, and today it has the largest market share among para-aramid fibers after Kevlar®.
Technora® It is a high strength fiber developed by Teijin company. Unlike other aramid fibers, comonomer additions are made in the production of macromolecules. The modulus of Technora® fibers is close to Kevlar® and the abrasion resistance is better, but these fibers are much more expensive than Kevlar®. The advantage of Technora® is that it is resistant to hydrolysis. At the same time, ether bonds in its structure make the fiber more flexible than other aramid fibers.
Produced by Hoechst Vectran® It is a polyester fiber with superior properties such as high strength and modulus, good chemical and abrasion resistance, and impact resistance. It is preferred for products such as belts, belts, safety belts and conveyor belts in areas such as military, industrial, aerospace and mountaineering.
Apart from this, the most commercially important UHMW (Very High Molecular Weight) polyethylene fibers are Spectra produced by Allied Signal and DSM produced by DSM. Dyneema are fibers.
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