Tissue Binding Techniques
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- Created on Wednesday, 20 January 2016 14:54
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- Published on Wednesday, 20 January 2016 14:54.
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- Tissue Binding Techniques writer Faik KeserPosted by %PM, 05% 738% 2017 19%:%Nov in Non Woven Surfaces Read 3054 times
Tissue Bonding (Fixing) Techniques on Cheese Based Nonwoven Surfaces
In the production of cheesecloth-based nonwoven surface made by using staple and continuous fibers, since the properties of the products produced cannot meet all the needs in some areas of use, the created texture is fixed. Stabilization of the tissue is carried out by chemical, mechanical and heat treatments. The tissue binding (fixing) process is usually applied immediately after the tissue creation process. As in tissue creation techniques, the selection of tissue bonding (fixing) techniques is based on economy, versatility and desired product properties. On the physical properties of the nonwoven surfaces to be produced, the effect of the bonding (fixing) technique, as well as the fiber and texture creation method used, is great.
Tissue fixation techniques;
1-Mechanical
2-Chemical
3-Thermal methods
It can be grouped under three main headings.
Mechanical techniques;
1-Needling
2-Fixing with water jet
3-Sewing
It consists of 3 different techniques.
Chemical methods;
1- Impregnation
2-Spraying
3-Powdering
4-Transfer with chemical pattern
5-Transfer with foam
It can be applied with 5 different techniques.
In heat methods;
1-Hot rollers
2-hollow cylinders
3-Sound waves
4-Hot weather
5-Radiation
Tissue bonding (fixing) operations can be performed by applying 5 different techniques.
MECHANICAL-BONding TECHNIQUES
In order to use the fiber and cheesecloth structures obtained by various methods as a textile surface, the purpose of the mechanical bonding techniques applied after creating the texture is to form a kind of felt by entangling the fibers together.A- Needle-Punch Technique
It is a method that can be applied to any fiber type. In this technique, in which needle movement is seen on cheesecloth from endless fiber laying and mechanical laying processes, it is based on the principle of vertically lowering and pulling the needles with notches on the tissue.
B- Spunlace Technique
The water jet bonding process is mostly applied to the tissues prepared by mechanical laying techniques. In this technique; A fine and high-pressure water jet is used to bind the fibers forming the tissue together. If the water jet is applied to a perforated and patterned floor, a perfect closure and woven look can be created. Excess water on the surface is removed by applying vacuum from below. Then it is dried by air or cylinder drying process. The most important feature is the increase in production speed despite the decrease in cost. The pH of the water used must be neutral, not hard, and free of bacteria and organic matter..
Nonwoven surfaces produced by bonding with this technique;
It is used in the production of products such as medical packages, gowns, caps. In addition, it is used in many areas such as cleaning cloths, medical sponges, make-up cleaning pads, protective industrial clothing, mattress filler, artificial leather, home textiles, wallpapers, filter material.
C- Stitch-Bonding Technique
In this technique, the tissue created is stitched with thread with the help of a needle, similar to the needling method. The sewing process can be performed as normal straight stitching or with the sewing technique applied similar to warp knitting. In the sewing technique, the fiber surface is conveyed to the sewing area with a movable tape, and the sewing process is provided by the entry and exit of the needle carrying the thread into the tissue.Although the nonwoven surfaces produced have similar properties to the surfaces produced by the needling technique, they can be used as geotextile, lining and upholstery material.
CHEMICAL-BONding TECHNIQUES
Chemical tissue bonding technique; It is based on the bonding of fibers using chemical substances such as resins, polymer emulsion, dispersion or solution..
This technique uses the chemical substance (binder) to bind the fibers;
1-Application to the tissue
2-Coagulation of the binder
3-Drying and fixing steps
It contains.
Application of the binder to the structure;
1- Impregnation
2-Spraying
3-foaming
4-Patterned transfer
5-Transfer in powder form
It can be done in five different ways.
In chemical bonding;
It is common to use chemicals such as acrylate polymer and copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers and vinylacetate ethylene copolymers as binders.
THERMAL BONDING TECHNIQUES
thermal bonding; It is a bonding technique that can be applied by utilizing the thermal properties of tissues consisting of fibers produced from thermoplastic polymers. In this technique; During tissue formation, binding fibers should be added to the structure as well as the main raw material that forms the structure. Fibers that act as binders are connected to other fibers by clamping or sticking, thanks to their easy melting and dissolution. The method in question takes place in five different ways, depending on the way the heat is applied;
1-Calendering with Hot Rollers
2-Point Bonding with Hollow Cylinders
3-Oven Bonding with Hot Air
4- Bonding with Sound Waves (Ultrasound Bonding)
5-Radiant Bonding
Thermal Bonding (Calender Point Bonding) with A-Cylinder and Cavity System
It is a thermal tissue bonding process performed under heat and point (regional) pressure. With this technique, it is possible to create different patterns according to the design of the hollow cylinder at the local binding sites. According to the pattern type, there are three different methods as regional, point or relief type. Temperature, pressure, transit speed, cylinder pattern and location of the cooling cylinders are all important factors. In addition, with this technique, very solid textures can be obtained depending on the pattern type. With this technique, various gauze-based non-woven surfaces such as diapers, women's laces, shoe lining, artificial leather are produced, especially interlining production.
