The aim of this experimental study is to determine the abrasion resistance of protective woven fabrics according to the change in appearance.
Abrasion is the deformation that occurs as a result of any material rubbing against another surface.
There are different methods to measure fabric abrasion resistance..
The third of these is “Assessment of change in appearance." is the test.
The aim is to determine the resistance to abrasion of all textile fabrics, including nonwovens, according to the change in appearance method.( TS EN ISO 12947-4, BS EN ISO 12947-4)
Used materials
Standard atmospheric conditions
Martindale abrasion tester
Abrasive standard fabric
Wool felt sole (140 +0.5 mm width)
Sample holder foam base (38+0,5 mm diameter)
Cutting tools with a diameter of 140 mm and 38 mm
Sandpaper
Magnifying glass
Scissors
Ruler,
4 test specimens (140 mm in diameter).
Sample preparation
In this experiment, under a certain load, the fabric is abraded with the abrasive surface (standard fabric) by a translational motion that creates a Lissajous pattern. The abrasive surface is defined as a woven wool felt with a mass of 12947±1 g/m750 and a thickness of 50±2 according to the TSE EN ISO 2,5-0,5 standard. According to TSE EN ISO 12947-4 standard, the abrasion test is based on the principle of abrasion of the fabric with the Martindale Method. In this standard, test specimens are mounted on the test piece holder with a foam backing. This foam is produced from polyetherurethane and its density is defined as 12947±1 gr/m-30, and thickness as 3±3 according to TSE EN ISO 3-1 standard. If the sample mass is greater than 500 g/m2, it is mounted on the test fasteners without the need for foam support.
For woven fabrics, test pieces are taken, each containing different weft and warp threads.
Test pieces should be taken from the entire laboratory sample at a distance of at least 100 mm from the edges along the cut edge.
4 test pieces are taken in accordance with the statistical selection rules.
The diameter of the test pieces should be 140 mm.
The abrasive fabric should be a square of at least 140 mm in diameter or 140 mm in width and length.
The foam base and sandpaper diameter of the sample holder should be 38 mm.
Experimental Procedure
The samples are placed on the friction table with the wool felt on the bottom and the test sample on the top.
Sandpaper and foam are also placed in the sample holder.
Test According to ISO 12947-4 standard After selecting the number of abrasive movements suitable for the relevant test series listed in the table below, the etching device is started.
Depending on the number of abrasion movements required for the formation of the predetermined appearance change in the test piece, the appearance evaluation is made at the test intervals specified in the table below.
Test intervals for surface appearance test
Carefully remove the mounted abrasive and test piece holders to evaluate the appearance.
The test piece, which is attached to the test devices on the etching table, is taken and the surface change is evaluated.
The evaluation process is made by comparing the appearances of the non-tested fabric and the test piece to which the abrasion movement is applied at predetermined intervals.
If the predetermined surface change has not occurred, the test pieces and test piece holders are reassembled and the test is continued by applying the next test interval.
The test process and the evaluation process are continued to be applied one after the other until the predetermined surface appearance of the test pieces is obtained.
The result is the number of etching friction motions applied just before the predetermined surface appearance, recorded separately for each test piece.
Thus, the time required for the appearance of the surface appearance is determined.
