Pilling occurs as a result of the separation of the fibers on the fabric surface and the mixing of these fibers during other uses and creates an unpleasant appearance on the fabric.
pilling level; fiber entanglement causing pilling, excess surface fiber formation, and fiber and bead reduction over time are determined by the speed of the processes. Their speed depends on fiber, yarn and fabric properties.
In this experiment, it is aimed to determine the resistance of textile fabrics to pilling and surface change by using ICI pilling box device. ( TS EN ISO 12945-1 )
Used materials
Boxed pilling tester (60 rpm, 2 heads and inner surfaces covered with cork), 4 polyurethane pipes, fastening jig, template (125 mm x 125 mm), PVC tape, sewing machine, evaluation cabinet.
Sample preparation
As a pre-treatment, the sample is washed or dry cleaned using a method agreed upon between the parties concerned.
Four test samples are taken from the sample with a template measuring 125 mm x 125 mm.
Each one is taken randomly from the edges, at least 15 cm from the edges, containing different weft warp threads.
The test sample is folded with its face inward and sewn by machine from a distance of 12 mm.
The sewn sample is in the form of a tube. The remaining specimens are sewn in the same way.
The tube-shaped test specimen is turned inside out and 6 mm is cut from both ends and any uneven seam allowances are cut.
The prepared test sample attachment gauge is placed and then passed into the polyurethane pipes at equal distances at both ends of the test sample.
Make sure that the sewn part stops properly.
PVC adhesive tape is adhered to a length of 6 times the circumference of the pipe, leaving 1,5 mm open on the pipe.
Experimental Procedure
Pilling test boxes must be clean inside.
Four prepared test samples are placed in the pilling box.
The lid of the box is closed.
The device is started by entering the agreed number on the device.
After the test is finished, the test samples are taken from the box and the seams are removed.
In the dark room, the Pilliscope device determines the degree of pilling with the help of standard photographs determined for knitted or woven fabrics according to the type of sample.
The test sample and a piece of the original sample are centrally placed on the Pilliscope device perpendicular to its length.
The original sample is placed on the right side of the instrument and the tested sample is placed on the left side.
Test specimens are graded according to the evaluation in the table below.
Evaluation should be done with more than one observer.
Degree Term
5 No change
4 Slight pilling and/or partially formed pilling.
3 Moderate pilling and/or moderate pilling. Pilling of different size and density covering the test specimen surface.
2 Significant pilling and/or prominent pilling. Covering most of the test sample surface of different size and density.
pilling
1 Intense surface pilling and/or active pilling Pilling covering the entire surface of the test specimen of varying size and density.
