Carding machines are machines that can draw in lamellas, forces and card at the same time.
Strength section: The process of passing the warp threads in the warp beam on the weaving loom or in a separate place from the strengths in accordance with the drawing-in report is called drawing-in.
This process is not done for fabric types whose draw-in pattern will not change, because the yarns of the other warp are tied one by one before the warp ends. If the drawing-in report is to be changed, the warp threads are usually drawn in a separate place on the weaving loom. The important thing here is to do the drawing in very carefully by adhering to the order specified in the drawing plan. Otherwise, since a row skip will disrupt the knitting structure, it will cause fabric defect, which is very difficult to compensate. The aim of drawing-in in weaving circles is to pass the warp threads through the strengths one by one according to the drawing-in plan. This process is done according to the drawing-in plan according to the weave of the fabric to be woven.
Powers are grouped in two magazine paths. After the powers are transferred onto the conveyor belt, the separation device separates the powers one by one. This then brings the forces into the starting position. Before drawing in, the comb and its strength are centered by optical centering. Developed forces are taken to the desired strength frame or power bearing bar, depending on the situation. The thrusters push the forces towards the frame or the power rods according to the drive report.
Yarn section: The yarns are separated from the warp layer stretched on the frame one by one using a separation unit and presented to the drawing-in hook. This hook returns after taking the yarn through the comb, the power and the lamella eye. After drawing-in through the lamella, power and comb, the yarn is released from the hook and held by the absorbent nozzle, the yarn sensor checks whether the yarn is drawn in correctly.
Lamel section: After the warp is attached to the weaving machine, lamellar stringing is performed in order to control the ends of the warp threads one by one during the weaving process. Lamellar is a wire or metal narrow and short warp element that is hung on each warp wire during warp preparation or weaving. The warp tension must be well adjusted in order for the lamella assembly to function well. Lamels have open or closed types. Closed lamellas are mostly used in warps drawn with automatic drawing-in machine. The open lamellas are stacked after they are placed on the warp weaving machine. The lamellae are arranged side by side in 4-12 rows. 4–6–8 row lamellas are the most commonly used in businesses. The ordinal numbers above this are used in silk weaving. If a warp thread breaks, the lamella attached to it falls down onto the lamella bars and stops the machine. When the lamellas fall down, they prevent the movement of the bars, also called lamella saws, and cause the machine to stop. Automatic lamella setting machines are generally used after warp drawing-in, that is, for open lamellas. There is a condition that the warp must be taken 1 to 1 diagonally. There are batteries that can be easily changed according to various lamella widths.
When the lamella is missing or the thread is not separated, the machine stops automatically and the signal lamp indicates the error. These machines can lay lamella on 8000 threads per hour. The coverslip group is prepared in the coverslip magazine. The coverslip separator separates the coverslips which are then held by the coverslip turner and brought into the drawing position. After the yarns are drawn, the lamellas are taken to the lamella slides. The desired lamella is pushed into the saw and lined up.
Reed section: Removal from the card is made according to the signs showing how many warp threads will pass through a tooth specified in the drawing-in report. The card is mounted on the card transport unit, which transports the card during carding. Optical comb monitoring and control controls the carding in accordance with the card thickness and the desired number of teeth. The comb blade enters between the teeth, opening the teeth quite wide, thus allowing the drawing hook and thread to pass unhindered.
It is the process of passing the warp threads passed through the reed teeth in the numbers specified in the drawing plan. The number of warp threads passed through each reed tooth depends on the width of the fabric and the warp density. The number of threads that will pass through the reed tooth and the reed number, that is, the tooth density in the reed, are selected depending on the warp density. This process is done by a single person with a small crochet-like tool, as well as in automatic or semi-automatic drawing-in machines.
Control cabinet: This cabinet houses the electrical control of the system and the central power supply that provides all the voltage necessary for operation. The control system, which has a hierarchical structure, communicates with motors and progressive digitizers through processor modules. It also communicates with solenoid valves and sensors through distribution circuits.
Operator console: The drawing-in machine is controlled and programmed with a keyboard located on the operator console. The screen shows the requested information in the language of that country in text and partly in graphic form. The status of the machine and the stages of the drawing-in process can be seen at any time. Programming the drawing report and its parameters is also performed on the operator console. The operator console also provides statistical data on machine operation and maintenance information. If necessary, the machine can be stopped immediately with the emergency stop button. There is a host computer and a floppy drive located under the console's cover.
Classic cardboard drawing-in machines are also used in enterprises as drawing-in machines. For this type of drawing-in machines, there are dobby cardboards used in shedding systems in weaving machines. The task of these cardboards is to determine which frame will have the warp thread on the drawing-in machine by processing the knitting of the fabric to be woven on the endless cardboard.
The drawing-in cardboard to be prepared according to the weave of the fabric to be woven is mounted in the cardboard slot of the mechanical drawing-in machine. With the action taken in line with this report, the force passed through the warp thread is added to the appropriate frame with the help of needles. There is no computer-aided work in the drawing-in process to be performed on mechanical drawing-in machines. Generally, the majority of transactions are carried out by working personnel. The mechanical nature of the drawing-in machine causes a loss of time compared to modern drawing-in machines.
Drawing in a Drawing Machine
Modern drawing-in machines are manufactured in such a way that they can draw in lamellas, forces and card at the same time. The warp remains in the drawing-in carriage throughout the drawing-in process. It is fixed from above and below with the help of clamps. After the process is completed, the drawing-in car is driven into the workbench and connected to the drawing-in machine. There is an electronic screen on the machine where all processes are followed during the drawing-in process. As a normal drawing-in principle in the machine, a warp wire is passed through each power eye. However, if a different number of warp wires will be passed through the power eye on the edges, this instruction must be entered into the machine by the worker.
A flexible awl is used for the process of passing the lamellar and strength eyes of the warps. Yarns, lamellas and power are taken by the holders one by one, they are made ready for the process and their drawing is done. The drawing plans can be given to the machine electronically by transfer diskettes or by the central transfer network. This information is scheduled and maintained by the control terminal. After the drawing-in process is completed, the drawing-in machine leaves the system and the warps remain in the drawing-in car to be placed on the weaving machine.
After the drawing-in process is completed, the warp beam, frames, reed and lamellas are transported by the drawing-in car and placed in the weaving machine. This system can also be used for disassembly and transportation of weaving machines.
Points to be Considered During the Operation of the Drawing Machine
Undesirable errors may occur due to various reasons during the drawing process. These are the errors such as cross error, lamellar misalignment skipping error, drawing-in error, card-in-drawn error and comb scar. These errors are generally encountered in the manual drawing-in process. Considering these errors in the drawing-in process with the machine, it will be ensured that quality products can be produced as a result of more precise work. In mechanical drawing-in machines, it is imperative that the drawing-in element constantly monitors the power of the drawing-in and the card drawing-in process and solves the errors instantly. The main controls to be made on the fully automatic drawing-in machine are listed below:
1- Buttonhole perception adjustment control,
2-Control of the lamellas,
3-Power control,
4-Control of the drawing needle
5-Control of the weaving reed,
6-Warp ends draft control,
7-Report repeat control
lessontextile 
