Q.420. What does advertising mean and through which channels, please explain?
C.420. Advertising is generally a method of giving a sales message to a large consumer audience and creating an image in this direction. Publishing printed information and messages in newspapers and magazines, broadcasting statements on radio and TV, sending printed articles by letter to consumer groups, etc. consists of sales efforts.
P.421. What does personal selling mean?
C.421. Personal selling is the method by which the marketing officer engages in direct and verbal sales with existing or targeted customers. Personal selling transaction; The formation of vitality and flexibility between the customer and the seller resulting from the mutual negotiation, the development of friendship relations, the psychological orientation of the customer to purchase, the easy acquisition of necessary market information during the marketing process, etc. provides benefits. For this reason, personal selling can often be more effective than watching TV commercials.
Q.422. What are the components of a product's promotional activities and efforts to sell it to the customer through what channels?
C.422.
- A-Advertising
- B-Public relations
- C-Personal Sales
- D-Sales incentive (promotion)
Q.423. What methods are used to advertise?
C.423.
- A- press advertisements (newspaper, magazine)
- B-TV commercials
- C-Radio commercials
- C-Internet advertisements
- D-Packaging ads
- E-Brochure
- F-Poster ads
- G-Banner ads
- H-Outdoor advertisements
- I-Billboards
- i-Guide ads
- J-Point of purchase exhibitions
- K-Catalog ads
p.424. What methods are used to advertise by establishing public relations?
C.424.
- A-Press releases
- B-Press conferences
- C-Talks
- C-Seminars
- D-Reports
- E-Annuals
- F-Sponsorship
- G-Lobbying
- H- Relations with the community
- I-Social purpose activities
- i-Special events
- J-Publications
- K- Corporate advertisement
S.425. What methods are used to advertise through personal selling?
C.425.
- A-Product introductions
- B-Sales presentations
- C-Incentive programs
- D-Sample product (gifts) distributions
- D-Purchase incentive programs
- E-Fair
- F-Promotions in exhibitions
p.426. What methods are used to advertise through sales promotion (promotion)?
C.426.
- A-Competition
- Neck
- C-Lottery and sweepstakes
- C-Gifts
- D-Sample product (gifts) distributions
- E-Coupons and gift certificates
- F-Point of sale discounts
- G-Entertainers
S.427. What are the marketing mix?
C.427.
- A-Product
- B-Price
- C-Antivation
- D-Distribution Channels
S.428. Target Market is middle school and high school students going to school. How can you do the Marketing Mix for this?
C.428. Sample:
- Product: School uniforms will be designed and sold in line with the demands of the schools. (There will be products in different models).
- Distribution channels: The clothes will be produced in our workshop and sold in our sales stores in our province and in contracted stores in other provinces. (Direct distribution and an intermediary distribution will apply.
- Pricing (for Secondary Schools): Products will be priced with Cost + 80% Profit. Competitors' prices will be taken into account. In addition, a residual price policy will be applied for the products.
- Attitude:
- A-Brand Name:……….Clothes
- B-Slogan: …………… Clothing serves the future from the past.
- C-Personal Sales: 2 The marketing officer will meet with the school-parent unions of the schools in our province and surrounding provinces.
- D-Advertising: Advertisements will be placed on local TV and Radio channels.
- D-Advertising: In the Market Brochures and catalogs will be prepared to be distributed to all schools.
- E-Public Relations: The clothes of the poor students at the rate of 2% of the school population will be covered by our company.
S.429. What does finance mean?
C.429. Money is funds or capital.
S.430. What does financing mean?
C.430. Providing the funds needed by the business
Q.431. What does financial management mean?
C.431. It is the determination and provision of the funds needed by the business and the management of the funds provided by investing in appropriate assets.
p.432. What does the purchase price mean?
C.432. It is the price paid for an item purchased.
Q.433. What does cost mean?
C.433. It is the cost of transportation, insurance, etc., paid for the sale of the purchased goods.
Q.434. What does the cost of goods mean?
C.434. Purchase price + Costs
Q.435. What is the selling price?
C.435. Cost of goods + Profit
S.436. What is the 44000% profitable price and the 60% loss price of a commodity with a cost of 80 TL?
C.436.
- (44000 x 60)/100 = 26400 TL(Profit)
- Selling price (profitable) = 44000+26400=70400 TL
- (44000 x 80)/100 = 35200 TL (Loss)
- Sales price (at a loss) = 44000-35200=8800 TL
p.437. What is the financial resources of the business, please explain?
C.437. Finance managers perform the financing function in businesses. Finance managers determine the amount of funds the business needs and make decisions about where, how and when these funds will be met.
p.438. From how many sources do businesses get the funds they need and what are they?
C.438. Businesses obtain the funds they need from two sources: equity and foreign resources (debts).
p.439. What are the Equity Resources in Businesses, please explain?
C.439. Funds put by the owners or partners of the business, both during the establishment period and during its activities, constitute the equity of the enterprise. These funds can be tangible assets such as money, vehicles, goods, land and land, or intangible assets such as trademarks and patent rights. Funds obtained from own resources are a continuous resource for businesses. These resources do not expire. The business does not pay any interest to the partners in return for the funds they provide. Instead, it distributes profit if profit is made at the end of the period.
Q.440. What are Foreign Resources (Debts, External Resources) in Businesses, please explain?
C.440. Foreign resources are resources that businesses provide from outside the business. Loans from banks, bills and bonds are examples of these resources. Foreign resources are resources that have to be paid principal and interest at the end of a certain maturity. Therefore, it is risky.
S.441. To what extent are foreign resources divided according to their maturities, what are they and explain?
C.441.
- A- Short-term foreign resources: These are resources with a maturity of up to one year. Businesses apply to these resources to finance their current assets (stocks, raw materials, securities, etc.). The cost (interest) is low because the payback period is short.
- B-Long-term liabilities: Resources with a maturity of more than one year. Businesses apply to these resources to finance their fixed assets (machinery, equipment, land, land, vehicles, etc.). Since the payback period is long, the cost (interest) is high.
P.442. What is a bond, explain?
C.442. The commercial document signed by the debtor and given to the creditor and declaring that a certain amount of money will be paid after a certain period of time is called a promissory note. There are two parties to the bond:
- A-Borrower (interlocutor): It is the person who will pay the bill price.
- B-Creditor (beneficiary): It is the person who will collect the amount of the bill.
The sentence on the bill is “…pay.” not in the form of “…I will pay.” ends in shape. In this respect, a bond is a promise of payment. A bond is a security used in futures transactions. If the debtor does not have the cash to allocate for payment, instead of making a cash payment, the debtor takes on debt to pay it when the maturity comes, by giving a bond to his creditor. For example, person A has goods to sell, and person B needs this goods but does not have cash (money) to pay for it. Person A sells the property to person Z and receives a bond in return.
Bonds can be collected in two ways.
- 1-When the payment time comes, the debtor pays the amount to the creditor and takes back the bill.
- 2-The creditor goes to a bank without waiting for the payment time and collects the price by discounting the bill. When the debt is due, the debtor pays the debt to the bank.
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