P.501. What does it mean to define the problem, which is one of the problem-solving stages, please explain?
C.501. It is the stage where the noticed problem is defined and delimited. The limitation of the problem is very important for the solution. It is difficult to develop solutions for an undefined problem. The problem should be stated in a clear and understandable way.
P.502. Explain what it means to Create Hypotheses, which is one of the problem-solving stages.
C.502. It is the stage where as many solutions as possible for the solution of the problem are created. The formulation of hypotheses draws the boundaries of what can be done about solving the problem. Hypotheses are tentative suggestions based on guesses about unknowns. Within the framework of this definition, hypotheses are developed, each of which is a suggestion and will help to decide on the solution of the problem. The confirmed hypothesis is called a law, and the hypothesis that is partially confirmed and can be supported by new information is called a theory.
P.503. Gathering Information about the Problem, which is one of the problem-solving stages What does it mean, explain?
C.503. It is the stage where the resources to be used in solving the problem are determined. Since we will test the hypotheses we have created according to the information we have obtained, the sources should be carefully determined and the accuracy of the information should be checked. In order to solve the problem, information gathering methods such as survey, observation, interview, resource scanning and internet browsing are used.
P.504. Testing Hypotheses, one of the problem-solving stages What does it mean, explain?
C.504. At this stage, the hypotheses created are tested. Thus, it is understood whether the hypothesis is one of the solutions to the problem. This stage is also an application process for the method.
P.505. Choosing the Most Appropriate One of the Problem Solving Stages What does it mean, explain?
C.505. At this stage, the most suitable hypotheses for the problem are selected. Research on hypotheses is done and evidence is gathered. In the light of this information gathered, comparisons are made about the hypotheses and the most appropriate hypothesis for the solution of the problem is selected.
P.506. Reaching a General Conclusion, which is one of the problem-solving stages What does it mean, explain?
C.506. Coming to a general conclusion is the final stage of the problem solving method. A general conclusion is reached by drawing conclusions from testing hypotheses. A written report is prepared on the extent to which the hypothesis gives meaning to the problem.
S.507. What are the Idea Generation Techniques, one of the Problem Solving Techniques?
C.507.
- A- Brainstorm
- B- Six hat thinking technique
- C- Force / force field analysis
- D- Focus groups
- D- Interview
P.508. What are the Continuous Improvement Techniques, one of the Problem Solving Techniques?
C.508.
- A-PUKO cycle
- B- 5N -1K technique
P.509. What are Problem Analysis Techniques, one of the Problem Solving Techniques?
C.509.
- A-Flow chart
- B- Cause-effect (fishbone) diagram
- C- Pareto analysis
- C- Tree diagram
- D- Relevance / affinity diagram
- E- Attendance papers
- F- Force / force field analysis
p.510. What are the Suggestions / Reasons Prioritization Techniques of Problem Solving Techniques?
C.510.
- A-Relationship diagram
- B- Efficiency analysis
P.511. Problem Solving Techniques What are Decision Making Techniques?
C.511.
- A-Nominal group technique
- B- Multiple voting technique
- C- Benchmarking technique
P.512. Problem Solving Techniques What are Data Collection, Data Analysis and Evaluation Techniques?
C.512.
- A-Surveys
- B- Control chart (scoreboard)
- C- Histogram
- D- Pareto diagram
- D- Scatter diagram
- E- Movement chart
- F- Control chart
P.513. What does Brainstorming mean, please explain?
C.513. A technique used to elicit a team's creative thinking to compile a list of ideas, problems, perceptions, questions, or results. The purpose of brainstorming is to generate lots of ideas. The associations that occur in people listening to the speech increase the thoughts in a very short time. The influence of the members on each other is also one of the factors that cause the number of thoughts to increase. For this reason, the speakers should be seated in a way that they can see and hear each other comfortably in the meeting.The most important point here is to provide an environment free from criticism, where options and creative solutions can be easily expressed.
S.514. What aspects should be followed for an effective brainstorming practice?
C.514.
- A-The rules to be followed for brainstorming are explained.
- B- Equal right to speak is given to every participant. Active participation of each member should be ensured. For this reason, everyone should be able to express their opinions freely, no matter how ridiculous they may seem.
- C- A time limit should be established and it should be complied with.
- C- The speaker should not be interfered with.
- D- Speakers should not be criticized.
- E- Evaluation should not be done during the application.
- F- The word must be taken in order. Those who do not have a say when it is their turn should be "passed".
- G- When the speaker takes the floor, he can only make a suggestion.
- H- Talks should continue until everyone passes.
- I- After the number of passers-by has increased, promises can be made without following the order.
- İ- All members of the team should be encouraged and no thought or idea should be skipped.
- J- All ideas should be written in a place where team members can see them. Every idea should be written exactly as it is expressed.
- K- It should be ensured that all the ideas that come up and listed after the brainstorming are understood by all members.
- L- At the end of the period, all ideas should be evaluated by the members and the best idea should be chosen as the solution.
P.515. Explain what is Multiple Voting Technique?
C.515. The “multi-voting technique” can be used to identify the best ideas. Multi-voting technique is a technique used to identify the most important ideas determined by brainstorming by applying equal participation of everyone in the team. Voting takes place and the idea with the most votes is determined. Ideas are ranked according to the votes they receive.
P.516. What is the Nominal Group Technique, please explain?
C.516. It is a scoring technique used to achieve consensus among team members. It is often used after brainstorming. The ideas in the group give points and the ideas with the most points come forward.
S.517. What are the rules of the Nominal Group Technique?
C.517.
- A- Each group member has as many points as the number of views in the list (7 views, 7 points)
- B- When the group members give points, they give the highest score to the opinion that is the most important for them, and decrease one point to the next opinion.
S.518. How to apply the nominal group technique?
C.518.
- 1-The views produced in the brainstorming are made into a list.
- 2-Each opinion is given a letter or sequence number.
- 3- The opinions of the group members are scored.
- 4-Points are collected.
- 5-Ranked in order of points starting from the highest score.
P.519. What does the PUKÖ Cycle mean, explain by drawing a figure?
C.519. (Plan – Do – Check – Take Action) PDCA is a systematic approach used to reach the result by making a step-by-step plan.
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