P. 128. What does empathic communication mean?
C.128. Empathy is the process by which a person puts himself in the place of the other person and looks at things from his point of view and understands, feels and conveys the feelings and thoughts of that person correctly.
The person who will empathize should be able to put himself in the place of the other person and look at the events from his point of view, that is, he should be able to enter his field of perception. In order to empathize, it is necessary to understand the feelings and thoughts of the other person well. It is not enough to understand only the feelings or thoughts of the other person, it is also necessary to convey the empathic understanding formed in the mind of the other person.
P.129. What is motivational communication, explain?
C.129. Motivation is the force that motivates a person to act for a certain purpose. The persuasiveness of communication depends on its motivation. For motivational communication to occur in organizations, the message must circulate from the bottom up and diagonally. In this way, those in the organization are informed about all developments.
Q.130. What is Effective Communication, please explain?
C.130. Effective communication: Effective communication is possible by conveying the intended meaning to the target as close as possible to the meaning sent by the sender. Effective communication depends on the idea of meaning and the consistency of their meanings. Effective communication is possible by transmitting the message in a way that the receiver can perceive. Effective communication is achieved by fully perceiving the message and showing the necessary response.
P.131. What does persuasive communication mean?
C.131. Persuasive communication: Even the simplest dialogue has a relationship with persuasion. People generally establish relationships in order to change the behavior of others in line with their own desires, and they want to realize these wishes by using force or persuasion. Formal relationships are based on power, informal relationships are based on persuasion. Persuasion depends on being believable. Persuasion is more permanent in changing belief, attitude and behavior. “You can force a horse to water, but you cannot force it to drink.” The proverb emphasizes the importance of persuasion. The basis of persuasion is persuasion, and the basis of persuasion is reliability.
P.132. What qualities does a good listener have?
C.132.
A-Gives his attention to the other person.
B-Listens to the speaker without interrupting.
C- It provides convenience for the speaker to relax.
O-Makes eye contact with the speaker.
D-Doesn't try to have the last word
E-Listening does not think about the answer to be given.
F- Not prejudiced, listens without judgment.
G-Tries to understand feelings and thoughts.
Ğ- Builds empathy.
H-Does not engage in other work while listening.
I-Pay attention to the speaker's nonverbal messages as well as their words.
I- Makes verbal statements that show that the speaker understands his feelings and thoughts.
J- Avoids communication mistakes such as giving orders, threatening, warning, advising, lecturing, blaming, mocking.
P.133. What are the types of communication, write in articles?
C.133.
1-Verbal communication
2-nonverbal communication
3-written communication
P.134. What does nonverbal communication mean?
C.134. Nonverbal communication is one of the most basic types of communication. The primary means of communication is language, but there are other factors that contribute to communication in sending and receiving the message. Dresses, use of space, gestures and facial expressions, eye movements and eye contact, through nonverbal communication or body language, help convey the message.
nonverbal communication; It includes facial meanings, eye movements, posture, clothing, and features of voice. Nonverbal message sources such as appearance, behavior and touch have a very important place in the process of making the best use of space and time. In situations where feelings and thoughts cannot be put into words, a glance, a turn of the head, a grasping gesture, a defensive gesture mean more than a thousand words. Body language is universal. Here, universality means that body language is used by all people all over the world. However, the signs used in body language have different meanings in different cultures and societies. Another factor in body language is gestures and facial expressions. The use of facial muscles according to the purpose of expression, their mimics; The use of head, hand, arm, foot, leg and body constitutes gestures. The main gestures and facial expressions are the movements that support our thoughts and feelings and embody them.
P.135. How many basic functions does nonverbal communication have, what are they?
C.135. It has five basic functions.
A- Affirmation gestures or repetition used to reinforce the verbal message with nonverbal gestures,
Denying or claiming the opposite by shaking the head negatively with B-gestures,
C- Doing a behavior that can replace the verbal message,
Transmitting messages with O-Eyes,
D-Completing the meaning of the message and emphasizing the message.
P.136. What does Oral Communication mean, explain?
C.136. Oral communication is also called spoken language. Face-to-face meetings, speeches at meetings, briefings, public addresses, telephone conversations, conferences, etc. format is installed.
Verbal communication can be face-to-face as well as by radio, television and telephone. It is divided into two parts: language and beyond. We can accept conversations or even correspondence as 'communication with language'. In communication with language, people transmit their messages to each other. In translingual communication, the quality of the voice is important (tone of voice, speed and intensity of the voice, which words are emphasized, pauses, etc.).
It is important what people say in language communication, and how they say in translingual communication. Research shows that people pay more attention to how they say each other than what they say. The correct delivery of the message depends on the words chosen, but its perception is significantly beyond linguistic.
Voice has a great importance in terms of effectiveness in verbal communication. Sound reflects a person's attitude, feelings and inner world. The mirror of the inner world of man is the voice.
P.137. What are the advantages of oral communication?
C.137.
A-The degree of understanding of the given news can be checked.
B-Questions can be asked.
C-The answers given can be checked.
C-The issues that are not understood can be clarified.
D-Feedback can be given simultaneously
P.138. What are the disadvantages of oral communication?
C.138.
A-A spoken word is more likely to be misunderstood than a written word.
B-It is not a suitable communication method for permanent and long-term communications about plans, policies and strategies.
C- The received verbal message is either completely or partially forgotten or changed over time.
P.139. What does Written Communication mean?
C.139. Writing is the product of the social and cultural evolution process of people and societies. The invention of writing contributed to the establishment and development of bureaucracy, and at the same time, writing had an impact on the political organization of both the religious institution and the state. The article provided the opportunity to coordinate the basic principles of social life between the central bureaucracy and the provincial organizations by the political authority.
Written communication has a great importance in organizational communication rather than communication between individuals and groups. The importance of writing in organizational communication is increasing day by day.
Q.140. What are the justifications for written communication?
C.140.
A-Increased specialization in knowledge
B- Increasing importance of research activities at every stage of activities
C-Large-scale developments in organizational structures
E-Management development as a professional field of interest
D-Increasing the need for information in the economic structure
E-Written communication is established with a delay compared to verbal communication as the receiver reads, interprets and responds to it. It is possible to reorganize written communication and maintain it continuously.
P.141. What does cognitive communication tools mean, give an example?
C.141. Individual and collective communication tools (for example, e-mail, forms, chat, messenger, webcam, block, etc.)
P.142. What does audio-visual communication tools mean, give an example?
C.142. They are communication tools that appeal to our eyes and ears and use multimedia technologies (For example, television, radio, cinema, etc.)
P.143. Telecommunications communication tools What does it mean, give an example?
C.143. They are communication tools that appeal to the eye and the ear, using electrical, electronic, electromagnetic, optical technologies (for example, telephone, mobile phone, fax, telex, etc.).
P.144. Kali-chart communication tools ne means, give an example?
C.144. It is the communication that is formed and formatted by writing and drawing and made with printing-publishing tools (For example, newspaper, magazine, poster, signboard, book, etc.).
S.145. Organization Communication Tools ne means, give an example?
C.145. It is the means of communication that conveys the messages to be conveyed to the person or society through the teams in the name of promotion, entertainment, education, travel, consumption (For example, fairs, concerts, fashion shows, conferences, etc.).
P.146. artistic communication tools ne means, give an example?
C.146. They are communication tools to be provided with all kinds of art activities or artists, whether plastic or aesthetic (For example, dance, painting, music, song, exhibition, concert, theater, sculpture, animation, etc.).
P.147. What does self-knowledge mean, explain?
C.147. Self-knowledge is about knowing what is in oneself psychologically and physically, being aware of what is in oneself and evaluating them correctly. It means recognizing / knowing and being aware of a person's physical characteristics, feelings, thoughts, wishes and needs, strengths and weaknesses, goals and values, abilities and skills. A person who knows himself well can predict how he will feel, what he will think and how he will act in the face of what will happen / will happen.
P.148. What does bodily characteristics mean, explain?
C.148. The physical characteristics of the individual are shaped by the combination of many interrelated factors. Bodily features, which are one of the determinants of an individual's personality and lifestyle; Depending on the genes carried by the parents, the life process in the mother's womb, and postnatal factors, it changes, takes shape and becomes unique to the person. When the physical characteristics of the individual are mentioned, factors such as weight, height, bone structure, muscle structure, proportion of the body, shape, posture, structure of the organs and systems that make up the body, and skin color, eye color, hair color that affect the external appearance come to mind.
Physical development is the process of change and maturation seen in the human body starting from prenatal period until the ages of 18-20.
The physical development of the individual begins in the womb. In the first eight weeks, called the embryonic period, the organism slowly begins to take its form. During this period, it is observed that the heart is formed and begins to beat. By the seventh month, all organs reach maturity to perform their vital duties. During this time, cartilage tissues, bones, nervous and digestive systems are formed. During this period, the mother's age, physical and emotional state, nutrition, drugs used, harmful substances, factors originating from the external environment can affect the physical development of the individual.
When they come to the world, babies are around 48-53 cm in length on average. The growth rate of babies is quite high in the first years. In the following years, this rate decreases gradually. The baby generally weighs 2500-4500 grams at birth. Just as in growth in height, the weight of the baby begins to increase rapidly after birth, but this rate decreases towards the age of two. There is a re-acceleration in weight towards school age. Thus, when the baby is five months old, it doubles its weight at birth, triples at the end of the first year, and quadruples at the age of two and a half years. The average weight of the school-age child is between 13-26 kg, and in the high school age, it is between 38-66 kg. Muscle, bone and nerve development in the baby also matures over time. Movements start as a reflex and become conscious over time. In primary school ages, there is no significant increase in the child's growth rate, but an increase in height is observed again towards adolescence. In this period, the increase in the height and weight of girls is faster than that of boys. This is because girls enter puberty earlier. Towards the end of adolescence, boys close the gap in height and weight with girls of their age, and on average they grow taller and heavier than girls. In young people, growth continues until about 20-21 years of age.
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