PES Filament Microfilament Production
- details
- Created on Friday, 10 August 2018 14:26
- Last Update: Wednesday, 26 January 2022 23:40
- Published on Friday, 10 August 2018 14:26.
- impressions: 4705
- PES Filament/Microfilament Production writer Faik KeserPosted by %PM, 10%514%2018 14%:%Aug in Textile Fibers Read 2307 times
fiber drawing from melt; It is a simple, non-polluting and economical method and is widely used in filament production.
- -Chip feeding takes place in the chips feeding hopper.
- The chips change phase in the extruder with the effect of heat and become melted and are conveyed to the pre-filtering zone by the extruder screw.
- In the pre-filtering, large particles and foreign substances in the melt are removed by using a coarse filter.
- Then, the molten polymer coming to the spinning head is sent to the filters by the pumps.
- Thanks to the molten polymer filters, it is carefully cleaned from foreign materials and sent to the nozzles.
- Then it comes out from the nozzle holes.
- The polymer coming out of the nozzle starts to solidify with the cold and controlled air flow in the cooling cabinet.
- The filaments coming out of each nozzle parallel to each other are brought together after cooling or solidification. In order to give the filament an anti-static feature, finishing oil is applied to completely cover its surface. In this way, it is ensured that each monofilament forming the filament can be attached to each other.
- If needed, compressed air is used to bring the filaments together at regular intervals. This process is called “tacking”.
- Then, the filaments, which are subjected to the drawing process in the drawing cylinders called “godet”, are wound on the bobbin.
The winding speed of the filaments determines the place of their use. The classification of filaments produced at different winding speeds is made according to the orientation degree of the filaments. Because with the increase in winding speed, the ratio of amorphous region in the filament decreases and the ratio of crystalline region increases. The increase in the ratio of the crystalline region in its structure makes the filament more stable and stronger. Based on PES filament, yarns with different structures and properties defined according to their winding speed are given below.
-LOY (Low Oriented Yarn) It is a yarn produced at a speed of 1000-1800 m/min (m/min). It is called a low oriented continuous filament yarn. The orientation of the molecules is very low.
MOY (Medium Oriented Yarn) It is a yarn produced at a speed of 1800-2800 m/min. The molecules are partially oriented.
POY (Partially Oriented Yarn) It is a yarn produced at a speed of 2800-4000 m/min. They are called partially oriented continuous filament yarns. Molecular orientation is higher than MOY yarns. These yarns are introduced to the market by drawing or texturing.
TODAY (Highly Oriented Yarn) It is a yarn produced at winding speeds of 4000-6000 m/min. The molecules are highly oriented.
FOY (Fully Oriented Yarn or FDY (Fully Drawn Yarn) is a yarn produced at speeds of 6000 m/min and above. Molecules are fully oriented)
Due to their low filament thinness, the following problems may be experienced during the production of microfilaments by melt spinning method.
- filament breakage,
- Thickness variation along the filament,
- Nozzle clogging
Thickness difference in filaments in yarn structure. Since microfilaments have lower filament fineness than conventional filaments, the following precautions must be taken during the melt spinning method.
Reducing polymer viscosity with the application of high temperatures,
Providing the spinning nozzle placement that will guarantee a homogeneous cooling,
Optimizing the ambient temperature under the nozzle by controlling the cooling rate,
The fact that the filaments are brought together is close to the level,
Optimization of the attraction applied to the filaments with the traction force control,
Low exit speed of the molten polymer from the extruder for stable polymer transition,
Ensuring the cleanliness of the polymer by applying the precision filter process.
The production of microfilaments by melt spinning method is carried out according to different application areas. High speed and FDY microfilament yarns are used in the production of woven fabrics. In the production of knitted fabrics from microfilaments, drawing and texturing processes are applied to POY microfilaments. False twist texturing technique is widely used especially for texturing PES filament yarn, thanks to the elasticity and bulkiness it brings to the yarn. False twist texturing method is used to add volume to microfilament yarns.