Ramie is a shrubby perennial herb. Its fibers are obtained from the stems by cutting them every year. Since its leaves are large and fleshy, it is also used in silkworm feeding.
After harvesting for fiber, the plant can come back to fiber form in 50-60 days. The fiber cells are found in bundles just below the bark of the ramie plant.
Harvest is done when the leaves of the plants begin to turn yellow. While the plant is still wet, the bark parts are removed with a knife and cleaned manually or by machines. In order to remove the gum on it, the digestion process is applied. Degumming is done with chemicals or microorganisms. The fibers soften and become better spun. Ramie can be harvested for fiber 5-6 times a year. Plant lifespan can vary between 6-20 years. It creates a plant community on the soil by giving new young shoots and shoots with the help of rhizomes in its roots. Ramie plant can be 1-2.5 m tall. Flower structure is monoic (monoecious), ramie flowers are pollinated foreign.
ramie fibers 5 layers of cotton fibers, hemp It is 2 times stronger than flax fibers and four times stronger than flax fibers. Ramie fibers are mixed with cotton and linen fibers and used in textiles. Clothes made from 55% ramie and 45% cotton fibers are highly resistant to machine washing. Due to the 20% moisture retention of ramie fibers, it is used in the production of seawater resistant ropes and absorbents. 100-200 kg/da of fiber and 300-400 kg/da of dry stem are obtained from ramie plant. The ramie plant is the most abundant in the world; It is produced in China, Thailand, Korea, the Philippines and Brazil.
Fibers from ramie plant:
1- It is resistant to bacteria and insects.
2- It is sweat absorbent and dries easily.
3- Its strength increases when it gets wet, but it is not elastic and easily crumpled.
4-It wears out more easily than cotton.
It is widely used in the production of fishing nets and sports nets and in bath towels. Ramie farming can be done without irrigation in regions where the annual precipitation is 1000 mm in hot and humid regions. It is not selective in terms of soil demand and can be grown in well-drained soils. pH 5.5-6.5 is suitable for soil. It is moderately drought resistant.
Harvest begins at the beginning of flowering. High quality fiber is obtained from the harvest in this period. In some countries, machine harvesting is carried out. Fiber is obtained by pooling, but the pooling method is a little more difficult than other fiber crops. It is used to make various local clothing items, upholstery fabrics, rope and rope.
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